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星期三, 十一月 16, 2005
美国总统布什京都日本议会演讲（全文）
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For Immediate Release
Office of the Press Secretary
November 16, 2005
President Discusses Freedom and Democracy in Kyoto, Japan
Kyoto Kaikan
Kyoto, Japan
3:18 P.M. (Local)
THE PRESIDENT: Konichiwa. Mr. Chairman, thank you very much for your kind introduction, and thank you for this invitation. Laura and I are pleased to be back in Japan, and we appreciate the warm welcome that we received here in Kyoto. We were so honored to stay at the Kyoto State Guest House. It's a fantastic facility. I know the folks of this community have great pride in the guest house, and you should. Kyoto served as the capital of Japan for more than a thousand years -- and it is still the cultural heart of this great nation. It's a proud city where ancient teahouses and temples keep this country's traditions alive -- and scientists from its universities win Nobel Prizes. Kyoto is a symbol of Japan's transformation into a nation that values its freedom and respects its traditions.
I have experienced this transformation of your country in a highly personal way. During World War II, my father and a Japanese official named Junya Koizumi were on opposite sides of a terrible war. Today, their sons serve as elected leaders of their respected nations. Prime Minister Koizumi is one of my best friends in the international community. We have met many times during my presidency. I know the Prime Minister well. I trust his judgment. I admire his leadership. And America is proud to have him as an ally in the cause of peace and freedom.
The relationship between our countries is much bigger than the friendship between a President and a prime minister. It is an equal partnership based on common values, common interests, and a common commitment to freedom. Freedom has made our two democracies close allies. Freedom is the basis of our growing ties to other nations in the region. And in the 21st century, freedom is the destiny of every man, woman, and child from New Zealand to the Korean Peninsula.
Freedom is the bedrock of our friendship with Japan. At the beginning of World War II, this side of the Pacific had only two democracies: Australia and New Zealand. And at the end of World War II, some did not believe that democracy would work in your country. Fortunately, American leaders like President Harry Truman did not listen to the skeptics -- and the Japanese people proved the skeptics wrong by embracing elections and democracy.
As you embraced democracy, you adapted it to your own needs and your own circumstances. So Japanese democracy is different from American democracy. You have a prime minister -- not a president. Your constitution allows for a monarchy that is a source of national pride. Japan is a good example of how a free society can reflect a country's unique culture and history -- while guaranteeing the universal freedoms that are the foundation of all genuine democracies.
By founding the new Japan on these universal principles of freedom, you have changed the face of Asia. With every step toward freedom, your economy flourished and became a model for others. With every step toward freedom, you showed that democracy helps governments become more accountable to their citizens. And with every step toward freedom, you became a force for peace and stability in this region, a valued member of the world community, and a trusted ally of the United States.
A free Japan has transformed the lives of its citizens. The spread of freedom in Asia started in Japan more than a half century ago -- and today the Japanese people are among the freest in the world. You have a proud democracy. You enjoy a standard of living that is one of the highest in the world. By embracing political and economic liberty, you have improved the lives of all your citizens -- and you have shown others that freedom is the surest path to prosperity and stability.
A free Japan has helped transform the lives of others in the region. The investment you have provided your neighbors helped jump-start many of Asia's economies. The aid that you send helps build critical infrastructure -- and delivers relief to victims of earthquakes, and typhoons, and tsunamis. And the alliance that you have made with the United States is the pillar of stability and security for a region -- and a source of confidence in Asia's future.
A free Japan is helping to transform the world. Japan and the United States send more aid overseas than any other two countries in the world. Today in Afghanistan, Japanese aid is building a highway that President Karzai says is essential for the economic recovery of this newly democratic nation. In Iraq, Japan has pledged nearly $5 billion for reconstruction -- and you have sent your self defense forces to serve the cause of freedom in Iraq's al-Muthanna province. At the start of this young century, Japan is using its freedom to advance the cause of peace and prosperity around the world -- and the world is a better place because of Japanese leadership.
Japan has also shown that once people get a taste for freedom, they want more -- because the desire for freedom is written in the hearts of every man and woman on this earth. With each new generation that grows up in freedom, the expectations of citizens rise -- and the demand for accountability grows. Here in Japan, Prime Minister Koizumi has shown leadership by pushing crucial reforms to open your economy and make Japan's institutions more responsive to the needs of its people. The Prime Minister knows that nations grow in wealth and stature when they trust in the wisdom and talents of their people -- and that lesson is now spreading across this great region.
Freedom is the bedrock of America's friendship with Japan -- and it is the bedrock of our engagement with Asia. As a Pacific nation, America is drawn by trade and values and history to be a part of the future of this region. The extraordinary economic growth in the Pacific Rim has opened new possibilities for progress; it has raised new challenges that affect us all. These challenges include working for free and fair trade, protecting our people from new threats like pandemic flu, and ensuring that emerging economies have the supplies of energy they need to continue to grow. We have also learned that as freedom spreads throughout Asia and the world, it has deadly enemies -- terrorists who despise freedom's progress and who want to stop it by killing innocent men, women, and children -- and intimidating their governments. I have come to Asia to discuss these common challenges -- at the bilateral level during visits with leaders like Prime Minister Koizumi, and at the regional level through the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Summit. These issues are all vital -- and by addressing them now, we will build a freer and better future for all our citizens.
Our best opportunity to spread the freedom that comes from economic prosperity is through free and fair trade. The Doha Round of negotiations in the World Trade Organization gives us a chance to open up markets for goods, and services, and farm products all across the globe. Under Doha, every nation will gain -- and the developing world stands to gain the most. The World Bank projects that the elimination of trade barriers could lift hundreds of millions of people out of poverty. And the greatest obstacle to a successful Doha Round is the reluctance in many parts of the developed world to dismantle the tariffs, and barriers, and trade-distorting subsidies that isolate the world's poor from the great opportunities of this century.
My administration has offered a bold proposal for Doha that would substantially reduce agricultural tariffs and trade-distorting subsidies in a first stage, and over a period of fifteen years, eliminate them altogether. Pacific Rim leaders who are concerned about the harmful effects of high tariffs and farm subsidies need to come together to move the Doha Round forward on agriculture -- as well as on services and manufactured goods. And this year's Summit in Korea gives APEC a chance to take a leadership role before next month's WTO meeting in Hong Kong.
APEC is the premier forum in the Asia-Pacific region for addressing economic growth, cooperation, trade, and investment. Its 21 member economies account for nearly half of all world trade. By using its influence to push for an ambitious result in the Doha Round, APEC can help create a world trading system that is freer and fairer -- and helps spread prosperity and opportunity throughout the Asia-Pacific region.
As we come together to advance prosperity, we must also come together to ensure the health and safety of our citizens. As economies open up, they create new opportunities -- but this openness also exposes us to new risks. In an age of international travel and commerce, new diseases can spread quickly. We saw the need for international cooperation and transparency three years ago, when a previously unknown virus called SARS appeared in rural China. When an infected doctor carried the virus out of China, it spread to Vietnam and to Singapore and to Canada within a month. Before long, the SARS virus had spread to nearly every continent -- and killed hundreds of people. By one estimate, the SARS outbreak cost the Asian-Pacific region about $40 billion. The lesson of this experience is clear: We all have a common interest in working together to stop outbreaks of deadly new viruses -- so we can save the lives of people on both sides of the Pacific.
We now face a new and potentially more deadly threat from avian flu, which has infected bird populations across Asia and elsewhere. I am glad to see that governments around the region are already taking steps to prevent avian flu from becoming a pandemic. The World Health Organization is coordinating the global response to this threat -- and the way forward is through greater openness, greater transparency, and greater cooperation. At the forthcoming summit, I look forward to discussing ways to help this region prepare for, and respond to, the threat of a pandemic. Every nation in the world has an interest in helping to detect and contain any outbreak before it can spread. At home, my country is taking important steps so that we are prepared in the event of an outbreak. And as the nations of Asia work to prevent a pandemic and protect their people from the scourge of avian flu, America will stand by their side.
As we address these challenges to public health, we must also confront the challenge of energy security in a tight global market where demand is growing. Asian nations understand that the best way to create opportunity and alleviate poverty is through economic growth. As their economies grow, they are using more energy. Over the last three years, the United States has launched a series of initiatives that will help these countries meet their energy needs -- while easing demand on global markets, reducing pollution, and addressing the long-term challenge of climate change. These initiatives range from cleaner use of coal, to ethanol and biodiesel, to emission-free hydrogen vehicles, to solar and wind power, to clean-burning methane from mines, landfills, and farms.
This summer, we took an important step toward these goals by forming the Asian-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development. Together with Australia, and China, and India, Japan, and South Korea, we will focus on practical ways to make the best practices and latest energy technologies available to all. And as nations across this region adapt these practices and technologies, they will make their factories and power plants cleaner and more efficient. I plan to use my visit to the region to build on the progress we are making. By working together, we will promote economic growth and reduce emissions -- and help build a better and cleaner world.
As we work together to meet these common challenges, we must continue to strengthen the ties of trust between our nations. And the best way to strengthen the ties of trust between nations is by advancing freedom within nations. Free nations are peaceful nations, free nations do not threaten their neighbors, and free nations offer their citizens a hopeful vision for the future. By advancing the cause of liberty throughout this region, we will contribute to the prosperity of all -- and deliver the peace and stability that can only come with freedom.
And so the advance of freedom in Asia has been one of the greatest stories in human history -- and in the young century now before us we will add to that story. Millions in this region now live in thriving democracies, others have just started down the road of liberty, and the few nations whose leaders have refused to take even the first steps to freedom are finding themselves out of step with their neighbors and isolated from the world. Even in these lonely places, the desire for freedom lives -- and one day freedom will reach their shores as well.
Some Asian nations have already built free and open societies. And one of the most dramatic examples is the Republic of Korea -- our host for the APEC Summit. Like many in this part of the world, the South Koreans were for years led by governments that closed their door to political reform but gradually opened up to the global economy. By embracing freedom in the economic realm, South Korea transformed itself into an industrial power at home -- and a trading power abroad.
As South Korea began opening itself up to world markets, it found that economic freedom fed the just demands of its citizens for greater political freedom. The economic wealth that South Korea created at home helped nurture a thriving middle class that eventually demanded free elections and a democratic government that would be accountable to the people. We admire the struggle the South Korean people made to achieve their democratic freedom -- and the modern nation they have built with that freedom. South Korea is now one of the world's most successful economies and one of Asia's most successful democracies. It is also showing leadership in the world, by helping others who are claiming their own freedom. At this hour Korean forces make up the third largest contingent in the multi-national force in Iraq -- and by helping the Iraqis build a free society in the heart of the Middle East, South Korea is contributing to a more peaceful and hopeful world.
Taiwan is another society that has moved from repression to democracy as it liberalized its economy. Like South Korea, the people of Taiwan for years lived under a restrictive political state that gradually opened up its economy. And like South Korea, the opening to world markets transformed the island into one of the world's most important trading partners. And like South Korea, economic liberalization in Taiwan helped fuel its desire for individual political freedom -- because men and women who are allowed to control their own wealth will eventually insist on controlling their own lives and their own future.
Like South Korea, modern Taiwan is free and democratic and prosperous. By embracing freedom at all levels, Taiwan has delivered prosperity to its people and created a free and democratic Chinese society. Our one China policy remains unchanged. It is based on three communiqu s, the Taiwan Relations Act, and our belief that there should be no unilateral attempts to change the status by either side -- the status quo by either side. The United States will continue to stress the need for dialogue between China and Taiwan that leads to a peaceful resolution of their differences.
Other Asian societies have taken some steps toward freedom -- but they have not yet completed the journey. When my father served as the head of our nation's diplomatic mission in Beijing thirty years ago, an isolated China was recovering from the turmoil unleashed by the cultural revolution. In the late 1970s, China's leaders took a hard look at their country, and they resolved to change. They opened the door to economic development -- and today the Chinese people are better fed, better housed, and enjoy better opportunities than they ever have had in their history.
As China reforms its economy, its leaders are finding that once the door to freedom is opened even a crack, it can not be closed. As the people of China grow in prosperity, their demands for political freedom will grow as well. President Hu has explained to me his vision of "peaceful development," and he wants his people to be more prosperous. I have pointed out that the people of China want more freedom to express themselves, to worship without state control, to print Bibles and other sacred texts without fear of punishment. The efforts of Chinese people to -- China's people to improve their society should be welcomed as part of China's development. By meeting the legitimate demands of its citizens for freedom and openness, China's leaders can help their country grow into a modern, prosperous, and confident nation.
Access to American markets has played an important role in China's economic development -- and China needs to provide a level playing field for American businesses seeking access to China's market. The United States supported China's entry into the World Trade Organization because a China that abides by the same global rules as everyone else will contribute to a free and fair world trading system. When I met President Hu in New York recently, he said that China would bring more balance in our trade and protect intellectual property. I welcomed those commitments, just as I welcomed China's announcement in July that it would implement a flexible, market-based exchange system for its currency. These statements are a good beginning -- but China needs to take action to ensure these goals are fully implemented. The textile agreement our two nations reached last week shows that with hard work and determination, we can come together to resolve difficult trading issues. The agreement adds certainty and predictability for businesses in both America and China. I look forward to frank discussions with President Hu at APEC and in Beijing about our need to find solutions to our trade differences with China.
China can play a positive role in the world. We welcome the important role China has assumed as host of the six-party talks aimed at bringing peace to the Korean Peninsula. We look forward to resolving our trade differences in a spirit of mutual respect and adherence to global rules and standards. And we encourage China to continue down the road of reform and openness -- because the freer China is at home, the greater the welcome it will receive abroad.
Unlike China, some Asian nations still have not taken even the first steps toward freedom. These regimes understand that economic liberty and political liberty go hand in hand, and they refuse to open up at all. The ruling parties in these countries have managed to hold onto power. The price of their refusal to open up is isolation, backwardness, and brutality. By closing the door to freedom, they create misery at home and sow instability abroad. These nations represent Asia's past, not its future.
We see that lack of freedom in Burma -- a nation that should be one of the most prosperous and successful in Asia but is instead one of the region's poorest. Fifteen years ago, the Burmese people cast their ballots -- and they chose democracy. The government responded by jailing the leader of the pro-democracy majority. The result is that a country rich in human talent and natural resources is a place where millions struggle simply to stay alive. The abuses by the Burmese military are widespread, and include rape, and torture, and execution, and forced relocation. Forced labor, trafficking in persons, and use of child soldiers, and religious discrimination are all too common. The people of Burma live in the darkness of tyranny -- but the light of freedom shines in their hearts. They want their liberty -- and one day, they will have it.
The United States is also concerned with the fate of freedom in Northeast Asia, where great powers have collided in the past. The Korean Peninsula is still caught in the past. An armistice -- a truce -- freezes the battle lines from a war that has never really come to an end. The pursuit of nuclear weapons threatens to destabilize the region. Satellite maps of North Korea show prison camps the size of whole cities, and a country that at night is clothed almost in complete darkness.
In this new century, China, Japan, and Russia have joined with the United States and South Korea to find a way to help bring peace and freedom to this troubled peninsula. The six-party talks have produced commitments to rid the Korean Peninsula of nuclear weapons. These commitments must be implemented. That means a comprehensive diplomatic effort from all countries involved -- backed by firm resolve. We will not forget the people of North Korea. The 21st century will be freedom's century for all Koreans -- and one day every citizen of that peninsula will live in dignity and freedom and prosperity at home, and in peace with their neighbors abroad.
In our lifetimes, we have already been given a glimpse of this bright future. The advance of freedom and prosperity across the Asian continent has set a hopeful example for all in the world. And though the democracies that have taken root in Asia are new, the dreams they express are ancient. Thousands of years before Thomas Jefferson or Abraham Lincoln, a Chinese poet wrote that, "the people should be cherished the people are the root of a country the root firm, the country is tranquil." Today the people of Asia have made their desire for freedom clear -- and that their countries will only be tranquil when they are led by governments of, by, and for the people.
In the 21st century, freedom is an Asian value -- because it is a universal value. It is freedom that enables the citizens of Asia to live lives of dignity. It is freedom that has unleashed the creative talents of the Asian people. It is freedom that gives the citizens of this continent confidence in the future of peace for their children and grandchildren. And in the work that lies ahead, the people of this region can know: You have a partner in the American government -- and a friend in the American people.
On behalf of my country, thank you all very much. (Applause.)
END 3:47 P.M. (Local)
http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/11/print/20051116-6.html
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布什总统在日本京都发表讲话(全文)
布什总统抵达亚洲之行的第一站日本后，于11月16日在京都发表讲话强调，自由是美日友谊和美国与亚洲关系的基石。以下是讲话全文，由美国国务院国际信息局翻译。
(全文开始)
白宫
新闻秘书办公室
(日本京都)
2005年11月16日
总统在日本京都的讲话
劳拉和我十分荣幸地再次来到日本，我们对在京都受到的热情欢迎表示感谢。京都曾是贵国的首都，长达一千多年之久，如今，它仍是这个伟大国家的文化中心。京 都是一个骄傲的城市，古老的茶馆和寺庙使贵国的传统继续生机盎然，京都的高等学府产生了赢得诺贝尔奖的科学家。京都是日本转变成一个珍视自由、尊重传统的 国家的象征。
我个人亲身体验了贵国的这一巨变。二战期间，我的父亲和一个名叫小泉的日本官员处于对立的两个阵营，如今，他们的儿子当选为两个自由国家的领导人。小泉首 相是我在国际社会最好的朋友之一。在我总统任职期内，我们已会晤多次。我对贵国首相十分了解，我相信他的判断力。我钦佩他的领导能力。美国为有他作为和平 与自由事业中的同盟者而感到骄傲。
我们两国间的关系远比一位总统和一位首相之间的友谊更为重要。这种关系是一种基于共同价值观、共同利益和对自由的共同承诺的平等的伙伴关系。自由使我们两 个民主国家成了亲密的同盟者。自由是我们与这个地区其他国家日益增强的纽带的基础。在21世纪，自由是从新西兰到朝鲜半岛的每一个男女老少的必然命运。
自由是美日友谊的基石。在二战之初，在太平洋的这一边仅有两个民主国家：澳大利亚和新西兰。二战结束时，有些人不相信民主适用于贵国。幸运的是，杜鲁门总统等美国领导人并没有听从这些持怀疑态度的人，而日本人民以采纳选举和民主制度的行动证明那些持怀疑态度的人是错误的。
你们在接受民主制度的过程中，使之适应于你们自己的需要和环境。因此，日本的民主不同于美国的民主。你们有一位首相，而不是总统。你们的宪法允许有一位作 为贵国民族骄傲象征的君主。日本提供了一个极好的范例，证明一个自由的社会能够反映本国独特的文化和历史，而同时又确保作为所有真正的民主国家基础的普世 应享的自由。
你们通过把新日本建筑在自由的普遍原则基础上而改变了亚洲的面貌。贵国的经济随着走向自由的每一步而日益繁荣并成为他国仿效的典范。随着走向自由的每一步，你们成了维护地区和平与稳定的力量，成了世界大家庭宝贵的一员，成了美国可信赖的同盟者。
一个自由的日本改变了国民的生活。自由在半个多世纪前从日本开始在亚洲传播，如今，日本人民成了世界上最自由的人民之一。你们建立了值得骄傲的民主制度。 你们享有属于世界上最高的生活水平。你们接受了政治与经济自由，从而改善了全体民众的生活。你们向其他国家证明，自由是通往繁荣与稳定的最可靠途径。
一个自由的日本改变了这个地区其他国家人民的生活。你们向邻国提供的投资推动了很多亚洲经济体的起飞。你们提供的援助帮助建立了重要的基础设施，你们向地震、台风和海啸灾民提供了救助。贵国与美国结成的同盟是地区稳定和安全的支柱，是对亚洲未来抱有信心的源泉。
一个自由的日本改变了世界。日本和美国向海外提供的援助超过了世界上的任何两个国家。今天，在阿富汗，日本正在建筑一条被卡尔扎伊总统称作为他的新生民主 国家经济复兴所必需的公路。在伊拉克，日本为其重建努力认捐近50亿美元，你们还派遣了自卫队服务于伊拉克穆萨纳省的自由事业。新世纪伊始，日本就在运用 自己的自由推动世界各地的和平与繁荣的事业，世界因你们的带头作用而变得更加美好。
日本还表明，人们一旦尝到自由，便向往更多自由──因为对自由的渴望存在于世界每一个人的心中。随着每一代人在自由中成长，公民的期望也会随之提高──问 责的呼声也会提高。在日本，小泉首相为推动关键的政治改革、开放国家经济，使日本的机制更好地对人民的需要作出反响发挥了领导作用。首相知道，当国家相信 本国人民的聪明才智，国家就会变得更加富强──这一经验如今已经在这一伟大的地区传播。
自由是美国与日本友谊的基石──是我们与亚洲关系的基石。作为一个太平洋国家，美国因贸易、价值观和历史而与这个地区的未来连在一起。环太平洋地区超凡的 经济增长既给发展带来了新的可能，也提出了影响着我们所有人的新挑战。这些挑战包括：努力建立自由和公平的贸易……保护我们的人民预防大规模流感等带来的 新威胁……确保新兴经济体有继续增长所需的足够能源供应。我们也知道，自由在亚洲和世界各地传播时，有它的死敌──鄙视自由进步、妄图用杀害无辜男女老少 来阻止自由进步和恫吓国家政府的恐怖分子。我到亚洲来是要讨论这些共同面临的挑战──通过访问期间与小泉首相等领导人展开双边会谈以及亚太经合组织论坛首 脑会议的区域层次讨论。所有这些议题都非常重要──通过现在处理这些问题，我们将为我们的全体公民建设一个更自由和更美好的未来。
传播由经济繁荣而带来的自由的最佳机会是自由和公平的贸易。世界贸易组织多哈回合谈判使我们有机会在全球开放商品、服务和农业产品市场。多哈回合使每个国 家都会受益，而发展中国家会获得最大的利益。世界银行预期，消除贸易壁垒可以帮助数亿人摆脱贫困。多哈回合获得成功的最大障碍，是发达世界中的很多地区不 愿取消关税、壁垒和扭曲贸易的补贴，这种补贴使世界上的贫困人口被孤立于本世纪具有的巨大机会之外。
我的政府为多哈回合提出一项大胆的方案，它将在第一阶段大幅度降低农业关税和扭曲贸易的补贴，在其后15年内将其全部取消。担心高额关税和农业补贴造成有 害影响的环太平洋地区的领导人必须携起手来，共同推动多哈回合在农业和服务业及制造业产品方面取得进展。今年在韩国举行的首脑会议为APEC提供了一个机 会，在下个月在香港举行世贸组织会议之前发挥领导作用。
APEC是亚太地区商讨经济增长、合作、贸易和投资事务的最重要的论坛。APEC的 21个成员经济体占整个世界贸易的将近二分之一。APEC能够通过运用自己的影响力，推动多哈回合获得宏伟成果，帮助创造一个更加开放和更加公平的世界贸 易体系，并让繁荣和机会遍及整个亚太地区。
在我们为促进繁荣而共同努力的同时，我们还必须携起手来，确保我们公民的健康和安全。随着经济的开放，新的机会也在诞生──但这种开放也使我们面临新的风 险。在一个国际交流和通商频繁的时代，新疾病会迅速蔓延。三年前，当一种前所未知的萨斯病毒在中国出现时，我们认识到国际合作和透明度的必要性。一名受感 染的医生携带病毒从中国出境后，萨斯病毒在一个月内传播到越南、新加坡和加拿大。不久，萨斯病毒传播到几乎各大洲，导致数百人死亡。据一项统计，萨斯疫情 给亚太地区造成的损失大约400亿美元。这里的教训是显而易见的：努力合作控制新的致命病毒爆发以保护太平洋两岸人民的生命关系到我们的全体共同利益。
我们如今面临着一种新的、有可能更致命的禽流感威胁，禽流感病毒已使亚洲的禽类动物受感染。我欣慰地看到这个地区的各个政府正采取措施防止禽流感爆发成大 规模流行病。世界卫生组织(WHO)正在协调全球的应对行动。推进这一努力需要更多的开放、更多的透明度、更多的合作。我期盼着在即将举行的首脑会议上讨 论如何帮助这一地区预防和应对流感疫情的威胁。在疫情扩散之前协助发现和控制疫情与世界上每一个国家有关。在国内，我国正在采取重要措施，为预防疫情爆发 作准备。在亚洲国家努力防止疫情爆发和保护其人民不受禽流感肆虐的过程中，美国与他们并肩站在一起。
在我们对付公共健康面临的这些挑战的同时，我们还必须应对需求量不断增加的紧张的世界市场对能源保障构成的挑战。亚洲国家认识到，创造机遇和减少贫困的最 佳手段是发展经济。随着亚洲国家经济的增长，他们使用的能源也在增多。过去三年中，美国已发起一系列行动计划，以帮助这些国家在缓解全球市场需求、减少污 染和解决长期的气候变化问题的同时，满足能源需求。这些行动计划涉及从更清洁的煤炭使用方法……到乙醇……到无排放氢能汽车……到太阳能和风能……到矿 井、废渣埋填地及农场使用清洁的甲烷燃料等。
今年夏天，我们为实现这些目标采取了重要措施，成立了" 亚太清洁发展合作计划"(Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development)。我们将与澳大利亚、中国、印度、日本及韩国共同努力，重点谋求使各国分享最佳方法和最新能源技术的实际途径。随着这个地区所有 国家采用这些措施和技术，工厂和发电厂将更清洁、更有效率。我准备借这次亚洲之行进一步推动我们正取得的进展。通过共同合作，我们将促进经济增长，减少排 放，并且帮助建设一个更美好、更清洁的世界。
在我们为了迎接这些共同的挑战而进行合作的同时，我们必须继续加强我们国与国之间的信任关系。加强国家间信任关系的最佳途径是通过促进国家内部的自由。自 由的国家是和平的国家……自由的国家不威胁邻国……自由的国家为国民提供充满希望的未来前景。通过在整个地区推进自由事业，我们将帮助促进所有国家的繁 荣，并带来只有自由才能保障的和平与稳定。
亚洲的自由进步是人类历史上的最伟大篇章之一──如今我们在这个崭新的世纪里，将为之更增添一笔。这个地区的亿万人民如今生活在蓬勃兴旺的民主体制中…… 另一些国家的人民刚刚走上自由的道路……少数几个其领导人拒绝向自由哪怕迈出第一步的国家则看到，他们落在了邻国的后面，并在国际社会陷于孤立。但即使在 这些孤独之地，对自由的渴望也不曾泯灭──有一天自由也定将传播到他们的国度。
一些亚洲国家已经建设起自由和开放的社会。其中一个最富戏剧性的例子之一是大韩民国──我们 APEC首脑会议的东道主。像这个地区的很多国家一样，多少年来韩国的政府拒绝政治改革，但后来逐渐对全球经济打开大门。通过支持经济领域的自由，韩国在 国内发展出工业实力，在国外成为一个贸易强国。
随着韩国开始向世界市场开放，韩国目睹了由经济自由激发出的本国公民对更大政治自由的正当诉求。韩国国内创造的经济财富促进形成了一个生机勃勃的中产阶 层，他们最终要求举行自由选举、成立一个向人民负责的民主政府。我们钦佩韩国人民为获得民主自由而进行的奋斗以及他们在这一自由的基础上所建起的现代国 家。韩国现在是世界上最成功的经济体之一，是亚洲最成功的民主体之一。韩国还向其他正为自由而战的国家提供帮助，从而在世界上发挥着领导作用。此刻，韩国 军队是驻伊拉克多国部队中的第三大部队；通过帮助伊拉克人在中东腹地建立自由社会，韩国正为使世界更和平、更富于希望而作出贡献。
台湾是另一个随着经济自由化而从压迫向民主转型的社会。台湾人民曾多年生活在一个政治上受压制、但经济逐步开放的社会中。这种向世界市场的开放将台湾岛转 变成世界最重要的贸易实体之一。台湾经济的自由化加剧了人们对个人政治自由的渴望──因为可以自由支配自己财富的人们最终会要求掌握自己的生活和未来。
当今的台湾是自由、民主和繁荣的台湾。台湾通过在各个层次尊重自由，把繁荣带给了台湾人民，并创造了一个自由与民主的华人社会。我们的"一个中国"政策保 持不变。它基于三个公报……《台湾关系法》……以及我们关于两方中任何一方都不应单方面试图改变现状的信念。美国将继续强调中国大陆与台湾之间有必要进行 对话，从而用和平方式解决他们的分歧。
其他的亚洲社会采取了某些朝向自由的措施──但他们现在还没有完成这个历程。当我的父亲30年前在北京担任我国联络处负责人时，一个受孤立的中国正在从文 化大革命造成的混乱中恢复过来。在20 世纪70年代，中国领导人认真审视了国家形势，决心作出改变。他们打开了经济发展的大门──今天中国人民比历史上任何时候都吃得更好，住得更好，机会更 多。
在实行经济改革的过程中，中国领导人认识到通向自由之门一旦打开──哪怕仅仅是一道缝隙──就不再能关闭。中国人民对政治自由的要求将随着中国的繁荣发展 而增强。胡主席曾向我介绍过他的"和平发展"构想，他希望中国人民更加富裕。我也曾指出，中国人民希望获得更大的自由，来表达自己的观点……在不受国家管 制的情况下做礼拜……能印制《圣经》和其他经文而不必担心受到惩罚。中国人民改善社会的要求应被视为中国发展的一个方面而得到鼓励。通过满足中国公民对自 由和开放的合法要求，中国领导人能使中国发展成一个现代化的繁荣而自信的国家。
进入美国市场为中国的经济发展发挥了重要作用，中国也应为寻求进入中国市场的美国企业提供一个平等的竞争环境。美国支持中国加入世界贸易组织，因为一个同 其他所有国家一样遵守同样的全球规则的中国将为自由、公平的世界贸易体制作出贡献。我在纽约同胡主席会晤时，他表示中国将使我们之间的贸易更平衡并保护知 识产权。我欢迎中国的这些承诺，并欢迎中国于7月宣布实行一套灵活的、受市场调节的人民币汇率制度。上述声明是一个良好开端，但中国必须采取行动确保这些 目标得以实现。我们必须找到解决对华贸易逆差的途径，我期待着在APEC会议期间及访问北京期间同胡主席进行坦率的讨论。我们两国于上周达成的纺织品协议 为美中两国的公司企业增加了确定性和可预见性，并显示出不懈的努力和坚定的决心能使我们共同解决一些困难的问题。
中国能在全世界发挥积极作用。中国承担了主办旨在实现朝鲜半岛和平的六方会谈的重要使命，我们对此表示欢迎。我们希望本着相互尊重的精神，在遵守全球规则 与标准的前提下缩小我们之间的贸易差额。我们还鼓励中国在改革与开放的道路上继续前进，因为中国在国内的自由度越高，在国际上就越受欢迎。
与中国不同的是，一些亚洲国家仍未迈出实现自由的第一步。这类政权知道经济自由与政治自由将同步发展，并因此全面否定开放。这类国家的执政党竭力维持政 权。他们拒绝开放的后果是孤立、倒退和暴政。这类国家代表的是亚洲的过去，而不是亚洲的未来。他们关闭自由之门，并因此在国内制造苦难，在国外埋下不稳定 因素。
我们目睹了缅甸缺乏自由的状况──本应成为亚洲最繁荣、最成功的国家之一的缅甸，却沦为该地区最贫困的国家之一。15年前，缅甸人民参加了投票并选择了民 主。但缅甸政府却关押了民主多数派的领导人。其结果是，一个人才济济、自然资源丰富的国家变成了一个数百万民众为生存而挣扎的地方。缅甸军政府大肆侵权， 进行强奸、酷刑、处决和强迫迁移。强迫劳动、贩运人口、雇用儿童兵和宗教歧视的现象极其普遍。缅甸人民生活在暴政的黑暗统治下，但自由之光却在他们心中闪 烁。他们渴望自由，而且终有一天将获得自由。
美国还关注东北亚地区的自由前景，特别是在曾经发生过大国冲突的朝鲜半岛。一项停火协定──一项停战协定──冻结了战场分界线，但战争从未真正结束。谋取核武器的活动对该地区的稳定构成了威胁。卫星地图显示出北韩的一座座监狱大得像城市，这个国家的夜晚几乎一片漆黑。
在这个新世纪，中国、日本和俄罗斯与美国和韩国共同寻找途径，帮助这个动荡不安的半岛实现和平与稳定。六方会谈已做出了消除朝鲜半岛核武器的承诺。这些承 诺必须付诸实现。这意味着所有参加会谈的国家都应本着坚定的决心进行全面的外交努力。我们绝不会忘记北韩人民。21世纪将成为朝鲜半岛所有人民都享有自由 的世纪──终有一天，朝鲜半岛上的每个人都将在国内享有尊严、自由和繁荣，并能同邻国和平共处。
我们已在有生之年看到了这一光明前景的一线曙光。自由与繁荣在整个亚洲大陆的发展为全世界树立了一个充满希望的典范。尽管在亚洲生根的民主体还很年轻，但 他们表达的梦想却是亘古永存的。早在杰斐逊或林肯诞生的几千年前，就有一位中国圣贤写道："民可近，不可下。民惟邦本，本固邦宁。"如今，亚洲人民已经表 明了他们对自由的渴望──亚洲国家只有在民有、民治、民享政府的领导下，才能实现稳定。
在21世纪，自由是亚洲的价值观──因为它是全人类的价值观。自由使亚洲人民能够过上有尊严的生活。自由使亚洲人民发挥出创新的才能。自由使亚洲人民对于子孙后代的和平前景充满信心。在未来的奋斗中，亚洲人民可以确知：美国政府是你们的伙伴，美国人民是你们的盟友。
我代表所有美国人民感谢你们。
(完)
制作日期: 2005.11.16 更新日期: 2005.11.16
http://usinfo.state.gov/mgck/Archive/2005/Nov/16-369191.html
详讯:日美首脑京都会谈一致确认加强日美同盟
11.16 15:35
【共同社11月16日电】16日上午，日本首相小泉纯一郎与美国总统布什在京都迎宾馆举行了约1个半小时的会谈，随后双方举行了联合记者招待会。两国首脑 就加速协调工作以在明年3月前最终决定驻日美军整编方案达成一致，小泉首相强调说：“两国政府将尽最大努力，力争实现驻日美军整编。”同时小泉表明将延长 驻伊自卫队派遣期限。两国首脑分别指出应加强日美同盟关系，小泉称，“对于日本而言，美国是无可替代的同盟国”，而布什则表示“稳固的日美同盟至关重 要。”
关于派遣驻伊自卫队问题，小泉明确提出将继续延长派遣期限，他表示，“作为国际社会的一员，日本也将继续参与（援助伊拉克重建工作）。我们将在充分认 识日美同盟重要性的基础上，根据情况作出决定”，而布什则以“希望日本作出最妥善的决定”再次要求日本延长自卫队派遣期限。
http://china.kyodo.co.jp/modules/fsStory/index.php?sel_lang=schinese&storyid=22340
布什演讲表示重视日美同盟 要求中国扩大自由
11.16 20:28
【共同社11月16日电】美国总统布什于16日下午在日本京都发表了关于亚洲外交政策的演讲。布什评价日美同盟是“亚洲地区安定和安全保障的支柱”，并同 时反复强调“自由”的意义，要求中国提升政治自由度和进一步加深人民币汇率改革。此外布什还呼吁在六方会谈框架下实现朝鲜半岛无核化的重要性。
http://china.kyodo.co.jp/modules/fsStory/index.php?sel_lang=schinese&storyid=22360
分析:布什要用日美同盟对抗中国“威胁”
11.16 22:54
【共同社11月16日电】美国总统布什在今日关于亚洲外交政策的演讲中，将日美同盟关系定位为“亚洲安定与安全保障的支柱”。在以美国议会为中心扩张的“中国威胁论”背景下，这一发言表明了美国将以日美同盟为杠杆来对抗中国军备扩张。
http://china.kyodo.co.jp/modules/fsStory/index.php?sel_lang=schinese&storyid=22369 ◆
19:35 发表在 日本, 资料 | 查看全文 | 评论 (0)