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星期三, 四月 02, 2008
2008年BBC全球调查，德国日本同为最受欢迎国家
2008年04月02日 格林尼治标准时间11:02北京时间 19:02发表
BBC民调：对美看法“更积极”
BBC民调显示，各国民众对美国的看法有所改善。
英国广播公司BBC国际部的一项最新民调显示，各国民众对美国的看法有所改善。
这项由BBC国际部授权展开的民调对34个国家的34,500人（张三按：误，应为17457人）进行了问卷或电话调查。
这项民调说，与一年前相比，认为美国具有积极影响力的人数从31%上升到了35%。
那些认为美国具有消极影响力的民众比例下降了五个百分点，不过仍有47%。
这个民调是在截止2008年1月底的三个月内进行的。
民调发现，针对美国在世界上的影响力的问题，受访各国民众的看法仍然主要是消极的，尽管与一年前相比，在23个国家中，有11个国家的民众认为情况有所好转。
美国国务院高级官员沃克尔在回应这个民调结果时承认，民众对美国的看法在最近几年确实是负面的，但他说，这是由于伊拉克战争而出现的"反常现象"。
除了美国，各国民众对伊朗和以色列的看法最消极，巴基斯坦排在第三位。
这个民调说，各国民众对德国的看法最积极，随后是日本，但中国和韩国民众对日本持消极的看法。
对于中国，有47%的被访者认为影响积极，而32%的调查对象说中国对世界造成了负面的影响。
84%的人认为，中国的经济状况已经改善。但37%的被访者认为中国经济的公平程度仍有问题。
转载自：link
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Page last updated at 01:39 GMT, Wednesday, 2 April 2008 02:39 UK
World views US 'more positively'
Graph showing views of countries' influence
Attitudes to the United States are improving, an opinion poll carried out for the BBC World Service suggests.
The average percentage of people saying that the US has a positive influence has risen to 35% from 31% a year ago, according to the survey.
Those saying the US has a negative influence fell five percentage points to 47%.
The poll, part of a regular survey of world opinion, interviewed more than 17,000 people in 34 countries.
The survey period was the three months up to the end of January 2008.
However, the poll finds that views of US influence in the world are still mainly negative, though they improved in 11 out of the 23 countries also polled a year ago.
Perceptions of the US worsened in three - Canada, Lebanon and Egypt.
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Global views of USA improve [3.94MB]
The World Service poll has been canvassing opinions about the influence of countries since 2005.
Of the 17 countries surveyed every year since 2005, positive views of the US have recovered for the first time this year to 32% after showing a steady decline over the previous three years.
Reacting to the poll results, senior US state department official Kurt Volker acknowledged perceptions had been negative in recent years, but said 2003 and 2004 had been an "anomaly" because of the Iraq war.
"I would say public opinion is a lagging indicator of what we are doing, working together with European governments and other elites," he said in a BBC interview.
"Everyone wants to be loved," he said.
But he added: "We are a superpower. We have tremendous responsibility, a large economy, large diplomatic reach and military reach, so naturally the world looks at the US with much greater attention than any other country in the world."
Most negative
Of other countries rated, Iran and Israel are viewed most negatively.
Negative views of Iran's influence remained at 54%. But Israel's negative rating went down from 57% to 52%.
Pakistan was the third most poorly rated country.
Germany, included in the ratings for the first time, is viewed most positively, with a 56% positive score to 18% negative.
Japan comes in a close second, with 56% positive to 21% negative. But a majority of those surveyed in neighbouring China and South Korea expressed negative views of Japan.
Russia showed the greatest improvement, with positive views rising on average among the countries surveyed from 29% to 37%.
Graph showing views of US influence
The survey was carried out by the international polling firm GlobeScan with the Program on International Policy Attitudes (PIPA) at the University of Maryland.
PIPA director Steven Kull said the improved rating of the United States could be linked to the forthcoming presidential election.
"It may be that as the US approaches a new presidential election, views of the US are being mitigated by hope that a new administration will move away from the foreign policies that have been so unpopular in the world," he said.
People were asked to rate Brazil, Britain, China, France, Germany, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, the US and the European Union as having positive or negative influence.
from: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7324337.stm
更详细的报道见：link