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星期一, 十月 16, 2006
联合国安理会1718号决议一致通过对朝鲜制裁
安理会通过决议对朝鲜实施制裁
2006年10月14日 安理会星期六一致通过决议，对朝鲜10月9日进行核试验表示谴责，并对该国实施制裁。决议要求所有会员国对朝鲜实施与核武器及技术、大型武器和奢侈商品有关的禁运，并得为此目的检查进出朝鲜的货物；冻结与此有关的个人或组织在朝鲜境外的财产，并对这些个人实施旅行限制。
决议决定成立一个委员会，监督决议实施情况，每90天向安理会报告。
决议要求朝鲜不再进行核试验、暂停与弹道导弹有关的所有活动、放弃大规模杀伤性武器，并撤回该国2003年初退出《不扩散核武器条约》的声明。。
安理会是根据《联合国宪章》第七章对威胁国际和平与安全的行为规定的制裁措施做出这一决议的。
这项决议草案由美国提出，经过安理会几天密集的磋商达成。美国代表博尔顿对决议通过表示满意。。
Bolton： “The DPRK’s full compliance with this resolution and successful resumption of the six-party talk……如果朝鲜全面遵守决议，并成功地重新进行六方会谈，安理会将取消决议确定的制裁措施，但同时我们必须做好准备，如果朝鲜继续忽视安理会，继续寻求大规模杀伤性武器，美国和其他会员国将加强制裁措施，并促使安理会采取进一步行动。”。
中国常驻联合国代表王光亚指出，中国赞成这项强有力的决议，但制裁不是目的，中国将继续推动六方会谈的外交途径解决朝鲜核问题，同时对决议部分内容有保留。。
Wang Guangya：“中方不赞成对进出朝鲜货物进行检查的做法，因此我们对决议的相关条款持保留态度，中共强烈敦促有关国家在这方面采取慎重而负责的态度，不要采取任何可能激化矛盾的挑衅性行动。”。
朝鲜代表朴吉渊要求出席会议，并认为安理会没有关注美国对朝鲜的制裁与敌对政策；朝鲜是为了捍卫国家尊严、保护主权完整进行核试验，但在这样的情况下，美国仍不愿意通过对话实现朝鲜半岛无核化。
Pak Gil Yon：“The United States has sought to imposing collective sanctions upon DPRK……美国一直通过操纵安理会寻求对朝鲜实施集体制裁，挤压朝鲜。朝鲜既准备好对话，也准备好对抗。如果美国继续坚持施压于朝鲜，朝鲜将视之为战争宣言，并将继续采取实质性的应对措施。”
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1718号决议全文
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United Nations S/RES/1718 (2006)
Security Council
Distr.: General
14 October 2006
06-57207 (E)
*0657207*
Resolution 1718 (2006)
Adopted by the Security Council at its 5551st meeting, on
14 October 2006
The Security Council,
Recalling its previous relevant resolutions, including resolution 825 (1993),
resolution 1540 (2004) and, in particular, resolution 1695 (2006), as well as the
statement of its President of 6 October 2006 (S/PRST/2006/41),
Reaffirming that proliferation of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, as
well as their means of delivery, constitutes a threat to international peace and
security,
Expressing the gravest concern at the claim by the Democratic People’s
Republic of Korea (DPRK) that it has conducted a test of a nuclear weapon on
9 October 2006, and at the challenge such a test constitutes to the Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and to international efforts aimed at
strengthening the global regime of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, and the
danger it poses to peace and stability in the region and beyond,
Expressing its firm conviction that the international regime on the
non-proliferation of nuclear weapons should be maintained and recalling that the
DPRK cannot have the status of a nuclear-weapon state in accordance with the
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,
Deploring the DPRK’s announcement of withdrawal from the Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and its pursuit of nuclear weapons,
Deploring further that the DPRK has refused to return to the Six-Party talks
without precondition,
Endorsing the Joint Statement issued on 19 September 2005 by China, the
DPRK, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation and the United States,
Underlining the importance that the DPRK respond to other security and
humanitarian concerns of the international community,
Expressing profound concern that the test claimed by the DPRK has generated
increased tension in the region and beyond, and determining therefore that there is a
clear threat to international peace and security,
S/RES/1718 (2006)
06-57207 2
Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, and taking
measures under its Article 41,
1. Condemns the nuclear test proclaimed by the DPRK on 9 October 2006
in flagrant disregard of its relevant resolutions, in particular resolution 1695 (2006),
as well as of the statement of its President of 6 October 2006 (S/PRST/2006/41),
including that such a test would bring universal condemnation of the international
community and would represent a clear threat to international peace and security;
2. Demands that the DPRK not conduct any further nuclear test or launch of
a ballistic missile;
3. Demands that the DPRK immediately retract its announcement of
withdrawal from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons;
4. Demands further that the DPRK return to the Treaty on the
Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and International Atomic Energy Agency
(IAEA) safeguards, and underlines the need for all States Parties to the Treaty on
the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to continue to comply with their Treaty
obligations;
5. Decides that the DPRK shall suspend all activities related to its ballistic
missile programme and in this context re-establish its pre-existing commitments to a
moratorium on missile launching;
6. Decides that the DPRK shall abandon all nuclear weapons and existing
nuclear programmes in a complete, verifiable and irreversible manner, shall act
strictly in accordance with the obligations applicable to parties under the Treaty on
the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the terms and conditions of its
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safeguards Agreement (IAEA
INFCIRC/403) and shall provide the IAEA transparency measures extending beyond
these requirements, including such access to individuals, documentation,
equipments and facilities as may be required and deemed necessary by the IAEA;
7. Decides also that the DPRK shall abandon all other existing weapons of
mass destruction and ballistic missile programme in a complete, verifiable and
irreversible manner;
8. Decides that:
(a) All Member States shall prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale or
transfer to the DPRK, through their territories or by their nationals, or using their
flag vessels or aircraft, and whether or not originating in their territories, of:
(i) Any battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, large calibre artillery
systems, combat aircraft, attack helicopters, warships, missiles or missile
systems as defined for the purpose of the United Nations Register on
Conventional Arms, or related materiel including spare parts, or items as
determined by the Security Council or the Committee established by paragraph
12 below (the Committee);
(ii) All items, materials, equipment, goods and technology as set out in the
lists in documents S/2006/814 and S/2006/815, unless within 14 days of
adoption of this resolution the Committee has amended or completed their
provisions also taking into account the list in document S/2006/816, as well as
other items, materials, equipment, goods and technology, determined by the
S/RES/1718 (2006)
3 06-57207
Security Council or the Committee, which could contribute to DPRK’s
nuclear-related, ballistic missile-related or other weapons of mass destructionrelated
programmes;
(iii) Luxury goods;
(b) The DPRK shall cease the export of all items covered in subparagraphs
(a) (i) and (a) (ii) above and that all Member States shall prohibit the procurement of
such items from the DPRK by their nationals, or using their flagged vessels or
aircraft, and whether or not originating in the territory of the DPRK;
(c) All Member States shall prevent any transfers to the DPRK by their
nationals or from their territories, or from the DPRK by its nationals or from its
territory, of technical training, advice, services or assistance related to the provision,
manufacture, maintenance or use of the items in subparagraphs (a) (i) and (a) (ii)
above;
(d) All Member States shall, in accordance with their respective legal
processes, freeze immediately the funds, other financial assets and economic
resources which are on their territories at the date of the adoption of this resolution
or at any time thereafter, that are owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the
persons or entities designated by the Committee or by the Security Council as being
engaged in or providing support for, including through other illicit means, DPRK’s
nuclear-related, other weapons of mass destruction-related and ballistic missilerelated
programmes, or by persons or entities acting on their behalf or at their
direction, and ensure that any funds, financial assets or economic resources are
prevented from being made available by their nationals or by any persons or entities
within their territories, to or for the benefit of such persons or entities;
(e) All Member States shall take the necessary steps to prevent the entry into
or transit through their territories of the persons designated by the Committee or by
the Security Council as being responsible for, including through supporting or
promoting, DPRK policies in relation to the DPRK’s nuclear-related, ballistic
missile-related and other weapons of mass destruction-related programmes, together
with their family members, provided that nothing in this paragraph shall oblige a
state to refuse its own nationals entry into its territory;
(f) In order to ensure compliance with the requirements of this paragraph,
and thereby preventing illicit trafficking in nuclear, chemical or biological weapons,
their means of delivery and related materials, all Member States are called upon to
take, in accordance with their national authorities and legislation, and consistent
with international law, cooperative action including through inspection of cargo to
and from the DPRK, as necessary;
9. Decides that the provisions of paragraph 8 (d) above do not apply to
financial or other assets or resources that have been determined by relevant States:
(a) To be necessary for basic expenses, including payment for foodstuffs,
rent or mortgage, medicines and medical treatment, taxes, insurance premiums, and
public utility charges, or exclusively for payment of reasonable professional fees
and reimbursement of incurred expenses associated with the provision of legal
services, or fees or service charges, in accordance with national laws, for routine
holding or maintenance of frozen funds, other financial assets and economic
resources, after notification by the relevant States to the Committee of the intention
S/RES/1718 (2006)
06-57207 4
to authorize, where appropriate, access to such funds, other financial assets and
economic resources and in the absence of a negative decision by the Committee
within five working days of such notification;
(b) To be necessary for extraordinary expenses, provided that such
determination has been notified by the relevant States to the Committee and has
been approved by the Committee; or
(c) To be subject of a judicial, administrative or arbitral lien or judgement, in
which case the funds, other financial assets and economic resources may be used to
satisfy that lien or judgement provided that the lien or judgement was entered prior
to the date of the present resolution, is not for the benefit of a person referred to in
paragraph 8 (d) above or an individual or entity identified by the Security Council
or the Committee, and has been notified by the relevant States to the Committee;
10. Decides that the measures imposed by paragraph 8 (e) above shall not
apply where the Committee determines on a case-by-case basis that such travel is
justified on the grounds of humanitarian need, including religious obligations, or
where the Committee concludes that an exemption would otherwise further the
objectives of the present resolution;
11. Calls upon all Member States to report to the Security Council within
thirty days of the adoption of this resolution on the steps they have taken with a
view to implementing effectively the provisions of paragraph 8 above;
12. Decides to establish, in accordance with rule 28 of its provisional rules of
procedure, a Committee of the Security Council consisting of all the members of the
Council, to undertake the following tasks:
(a) To seek from all States, in particular those producing or possessing the
items, materials, equipment, goods and technology referred to in paragraph 8 (a)
above, information regarding the actions taken by them to implement effectively the
measures imposed by paragraph 8 above of this resolution and whatever further
information it may consider useful in this regard;
(b) To examine and take appropriate action on information regarding alleged
violations of measures imposed by paragraph 8 of this resolution;
(c) To consider and decide upon requests for exemptions set out in
paragraphs 9 and 10 above;
(d) To determine additional items, materials, equipment, goods and
technology to be specified for the purpose of paragraphs 8 (a) (i) and 8 (a) (ii)
above;
(e) To designate additional individuals and entities subject to the measures
imposed by paragraphs 8 (d) and 8 (e) above;
(f) To promulgate guidelines as may be necessary to facilitate the
implementation of the measures imposed by this resolution;
(g) To report at least every 90 days to the Security Council on its work, with
its observations and recommendations, in particular on ways to strengthen the
effectiveness of the measures imposed by paragraph 8 above;
13. Welcomes and encourages further the efforts by all States concerned to
intensify their diplomatic efforts, to refrain from any actions that might aggravate
S/RES/1718 (2006)
5 06-57207
tension and to facilitate the early resumption of the Six-Party Talks, with a view to
the expeditious implementation of the Joint Statement issued on 19 September 2005
by China, the DPRK, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation and the
United States, to achieve the verifiable denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula
and to maintain peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and in north-east Asia;
14. Calls upon the DPRK to return immediately to the Six-Party Talks
without precondition and to work towards the expeditious implementation of the
Joint Statement issued on 19 September 2005 by China, the DPRK, Japan, the
Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation and the United States;
15. Affirms that it shall keep DPRK’s actions under continuous review and
that it shall be prepared to review the appropriateness of the measures contained in
paragraph 8 above, including the strengthening, modification, suspension or lifting
of the measures, as may be needed at that time in light of the DPRK’s compliance
with the provisions of the resolution;
16. Underlines that further decisions will be required, should additional
measures be necessary;
17. Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.
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